Aluminium oxide

Kufotokozera Kwachidule:

Alumina ndi okusayidi wokhazikika wa aluminiyamu, chilinganizo chamankhwala ndi Al2O3.Amatchedwanso bauxite mu migodi, ceramics ndi zipangizo sayansi.

Titumizireni imelo

Tsatanetsatane wa Zamalonda

Zolemba Zamalonda

Katundu: oyera olimba osasungunuka m'madzi, osanunkhiza, osakoma, olimba kwambiri, osavuta kuyamwa chinyezi popanda kunyezimira (chinyezi choyaka).Alumina ndi mmene amphoteric okusayidi (corundum ndi α woboola pakati ndipo ndi wa densiest hexagonal kulongedza katundu, ndi inert pawiri, pang'ono sungunuka mu asidi ndi zamchere dzimbiri kukana [1]), sungunuka asidi inorganic ndi zamchere njira, pafupifupi insoluble m'madzi. ndi non-polar organic solvents;Kachulukidwe wachibale (d204) 4.0;Malo osungunuka: 2050 ℃.

Kusungirako: Khalani wotsekedwa komanso wouma.

Ntchito: Ntchito monga kusanthula reagent, organic zosungunulira madzi m'thupi, adsorbent, organic anachita chothandizira, abrasive, kupukuta wothandizila, zopangira smelting zotayidwa, refractory

Zosakaniza zazikulu

Alumina ali ndi zinthu za aluminiyamu ndi mpweya.Ngati bauxite zopangira kudzera mankhwala mankhwala, kuchotsa oxides wa pakachitsulo, chitsulo, titaniyamu ndi zinthu zina ndi koyera kwambiri alumina zopangira, Al2O3 zili zambiri kuposa 99%.Gawo la mchere limapangidwa ndi 40% ~ 76% γ-Al2O3 ndi 24% ~ 60% α-Al2O3.γ-Al2O3 imasintha kukhala α-Al2O3 pa 950 ~ 1200 ℃, ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa voliyumu.

aluminium okusayidi (aluminium okusayidi) ndi mtundu wa inorganic, mankhwala mtundu Al2O3, ndi mtundu wa mankhwala mkulu kuuma, kusungunuka mfundo 2054 ℃, kuwira mfundo 2980 ℃, ionized galasi pa kutentha, nthawi zambiri ntchito popanga zipangizo refractory. .

Industrial alumina imakonzedwa ndi bauxite (Al2O3 · 3H2O) ndi diaspore.Kwa Al2O3 yokhala ndi chiyero chachikulu, nthawi zambiri imakonzedwa ndi njira yamankhwala.Al2O3 ili ndi ma heterocrystals ambiri osakanikirana, pali oposa 10 omwe amadziwika, pali makamaka mitundu ya crystal ya 3, yomwe ndi α-Al2O3, β-Al2O3, γ-Al2O3.Pakati pawo, mawonekedwe ndi katundu ndizosiyana, ndipo α-Al2O3 imasinthidwa kukhala α-al2o3 pa kutentha kwakukulu pamwamba pa 1300 ℃.

Thupi katundu

InChI = 1 / Al 2 o/rAlO ₂ / c2-1-3

Molecular kulemera: 101.96

Malo osungunuka: 2054 ℃

Malo otentha: 2980 ℃

Kuchulukana kwenikweni: 3.97g / cm3

Kachulukidwe kapaketi: 0.85 g/mL (325 mesh ~0) 0.9 g/mL (120 mesh ~325 mesh)

Kapangidwe ka Crystal: hex tripartite system

Solubility: osasungunuka m'madzi kutentha

Mayendedwe amagetsi: Palibe madutsidwe amagetsi pa kutentha kwa chipinda

Al₂O₃ ndi kristalo wa ionic

Alumina gawo ntchito ---- corundum yokumba

Corundum ufa kuuma angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati abrasive, kupukuta ufa, kutentha sintered aluminiyamu, wotchedwa corundum yokumba kapena miyala yamtengo wapatali yokumba, akhoza kupangidwa ndi mayendedwe makina kapena mawotchi mu diamondi.Alumina imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zinthu zopangira kutentha kwambiri, kupanga njerwa zowuma, crucible, porcelain, miyala yamtengo wapatali, aluminiyamu ndizinthu zopangira zosungunulira zotayidwa.Calcined aluminium hydroxide imatha kupanga γ-.Gamma-al ₂O₃ (chifukwa cha kutsatsa kwake kolimba ndi ntchito yothandiza) itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira komanso chothandizira.Chigawo chachikulu cha corundum, alpha-al ₂O₃.Ma kristalo atatu mu mawonekedwe a mbiya kapena chulu.Ili ndi kuwala kwa galasi kapena diamondi.Kachulukidwe ndi 3.9 ~ 4.1g/cm3, kuuma ndi 9, malo osungunuka ndi 2000±15℃.Sasungunuke m'madzi, komanso osasungunuka mu ma acid ndi maziko.Kukana kutentha kwakukulu.Colorless mandala anati woyera yade, munali kufufuza trivalent kromium wofiira wotchedwa ruby;Mtundu wa buluu wokhala ndi awiri -, atatu - kapena anayi - chitsulo cha valent amatchedwa safiro;Muli ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka ferric oxide wakuda imvi, mtundu wakuda wotchedwa corundum powder.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zonyamula zida mwatsatanetsatane, diamondi kwa mawotchi, mawilo akupera, polishes, refractories ndi insulators magetsi.Miyala yamtengo wapatali yamitundu yowala yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa.Synthetic ruby single crystal laser zakuthupi.Kuphatikiza pa mchere wachilengedwe, imatha kupangidwa ndi hydrogen ndi mpweya wa okosijeni womwe umasungunuka aluminium hydroxide.

Alumina ceramic

Alumina amagawidwa kukhala aluminiyamu calcined ndi aluminiyamu wamba mafakitale.Calcined alumina ndi zofunika zopangira kupanga njerwa zakale, pamene aluminiyamu mafakitale angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga microcrystalline mwala.M'malo owoneka bwino, alumina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuyera.Kugwiritsa ntchito alumina kukuchulukiranso chaka ndi chaka monga njerwa zakale ndi miyala ya microcrystalline imakondedwa ndi msika.

Chifukwa chake, zoumba za alumina zidatulukira mumsika wa ceramic -- alumina ceramics anali ngati zinthu zadothi zomwe Al₂O₃ ndiye zida zazikulu komanso corundum monga gawo lalikulu la kristalo.Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zamakina, kuuma kwakukulu, kutayika kwafupipafupi kwa dielectric, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana kwa corrosion, kukana kwamadzimadzi komanso kuwongolera bwino kwamafuta ndi zabwino zina zaukadaulo waluso.